Imboni ye-photovoltaic (PV) isebenza njengensika eyinhloko yeShayina ukufeza imigomo yayo "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabili" futhi isungule uhlelo olusha lwamandla. Manje isisungule isikhundla esiphambili emhlabeni wonke futhi yathuthukisa amakhono okuzilawula kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni. Kodwa-ke, imboni ibilokhu ibhekene nezinkinga ezifana nokuxhumana okunganele phakathi kwemikhawulo yokukhiqiza kanye nezicelo, ukungafani phakathi kokuhlelwa kwamandla okukhiqiza kanye nomthamo wokuthwala igridi, kanye nemijikelezo evamile yomthamo oweqile kanye nokuntuleka, okuye kwaphazamisa kakhulu intuthuko yekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni. Ngokuhambisana nokungazinzi kwezwe kanye nokwanda kokuvikelwa kwezohwebo eminyakeni yamuva nje, umncintiswano "oguqukayo" embonini uye wanda. Ubukhulu bomthamo wokukhiqiza we-PV budlula isidingo kabili, kanti umncintiswano wamanani aphansi kanye nowokungahleleki kuholele ekulahlekelweni okukhulu okungaphezu kwama-yuan ayizigidigidi eziyi-100 embonini yonke iminyaka emibili ilandelana. Emakethe yezimali, inani lemakethe eliphelele lemboni yonke lehle cishe ngama-yuan ayizigidigidi ezi-4 uma kuqhathaniswa nenani layo eliphakeme lomlando. Uma lo mkhuba uqhubeka nokusabalala, ungase ubangele uchungechunge lwezimpendulo zechungechunge, okusongela ukuphepha kwezezimali kuzwelonke. Kulo nyaka, iNational People's Congress kanye neChinese People's Political Consultative Conference baveze iziphakamiso ezifanele zokufaka umkhakha wokukhiqiza we-PV ekuphathweni kwemboni yamandla.
NgoJanuwari 2025, iKhomishini Yentuthuko Nokuguqulwa Kazwelonke yakhipha “Isaziso Sokujulisa Ukuguqulwa Okuqondiswe Emakethe Kwentengo Kagesi Exhunywe Egridini Enamandla Avuselelekayo Ukukhuthaza Ukuthuthukiswa Okusezingeni Eliphezulu Kwamandla Avuselelekayo” (FGNJ [2025] No. 136), okuhlose ukukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa okugcwele kukagesi oxhunywe egridini emandla avuselelekayo emakethe kagesi, ngamanani akhiwe ngokuthengiselana kwemakethe, okunencazelo enhle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, njengombhalo kazwelonke, imininingwane ethile yokuqaliswa ishiyelwa esifundazweni ngasinye (idolobha, isifunda) ukuthi iyenze, okuholela ezinqubweni ezingacacile ezindaweni eziningi. Ebhekene nokungaqiniseki kwenqubomgomo kanye nezingozi zokusebenza ezilethwa ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwamanani kagesi ngemuva kokuba amandla avuselelekayo engene emakethe, amabhizinisi amaningi kuye kwadingeka ukuthi ehlise ijubane noma amise ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokwakhiwa kwamaphrojekthi amasha, okuholele ekumisweni kokukhula kwamandla afakwe yi-photovoltaic (PV) yasekhaya ngo-2025, kanye nokukhula okubi okungenzeka ngo-2026 okokuqala eminyakeni yamuva.
Okwamanje, kuthonywe yizici zezwe kanye nokukhuthazwa yimizamo ye-US yokuheha ukubuya kwezimboni zokukhiqiza, amandla okukhiqiza amamojula e-photovoltaic (PV) aphesheya kwezilwandle aseShayina akhuphuke kakhulu afinyelela ngaphezu kwe-100GW. Ukwanda kwezimboni zokukhiqiza ama-PV e-US naseNdiya kucindezele imakethe yethu yamazwe ngamazwe, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kungase kume ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kuthintekile yilokhu, ukuthunyelwa kwamamojula e-PV eShayina kwehle kwaya ku-2.1% ukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngo-2025, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi kubonise ukukhula okuncane noma okungaphansi eminyakeni ezayo. Njengoba kunengcindezi ezimakethe zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe, kufana nokwengeza ukuhlambalaza ekulimaleni kwemboni yonke. Uma isidingo siqhubeka nokwehla kulo nyaka, yonke imboni izoqhubeka nokulahlekelwa, futhi ukuncintisana "okuguquguqukayo" kungenzeka kukhule kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi esibalulekile lapho izwe lithuthukisa ngokugcwele imigomo “yekhabhoni ephindwe kabili”, imboni ye-photovoltaic (PV) akufanele isaphathwa njengemboni yokukhiqiza ejwayelekile. Esikhundleni salokho, kufanele ivikele kangcono umkhawulo wayo ophambili osunguliwe emncintiswaneni womhlaba wonke, inake kakhulu indima yayo ebalulekile ekuguqulweni kwamandla eShayina, kanye nokubaluleka kwayo okubalulekile ekuphepheni kwamandla kazwelonke kanye nokushintshaniswa kwemali yangaphandle. Ngokuphikisana nalokhu, ukufaka inqubo yokukhiqiza i-PV ekuphathweni kwemboni yamandla kungafeza ukusebenzisana phakathi kokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa, ukugcizelela okulinganayo ekuphepheni nasekuguqulweni, kanye nenqubomgomo ehlanganisiwe kanye nokuphathwa kwemboni ye-PV. Kuleli zwe, kuwukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokuphathwa kwamandla lwaseShayina olusekelwe ezinguqukweni zesakhiwo samandla kanye nokucabangela ukuphepha kwamandla, kanye nesiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokusekela ukuqaliswa kwemigomo “yekhabhoni ephindwe kabili” kanye nentuthuko kazwelonke esezingeni eliphezulu. Kulokhu, kuphakanyiswa iziphakamiso ezilandelayo:
Okokuqala, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi kufakwe inqubo yokukhiqiza i-photovoltaic ekuhleleni nasekuphatheni umkhakha wamandla. IKhomishini Yentuthuko Nokuguqulwa Kazwelonke kanye noMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi kufanele bahole ekuhlanganiseni ukuphathwa kwemboni yokukhiqiza i-photovoltaic, kanye ne-National Energy Administration, i-State Administration for Market Regulation, i-Ministry of Ecology and Environment, kanye nezinye izinsizakalo namakhomishini ahlinzeka ngokuxhumana nokubambisana. Amandla okukhiqiza i-photovoltaic kufanele ahlanganiswe nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla kanye nokwakhiwa kwegridi yamandla, kanye nendlela yokuxhumana ngokubambisana "yokukhiqiza-ukusetshenziswa-ukusetshenziswa" kufanele isungulwe.
Okwesibili, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi kubhekwe ulwazi oluvuthiwe lokuphathwa kwemboni yamandla yendabuko bese kusungulwa indlela yokulawula imakethe yokukhiqiza i-photovoltaic ngokusekelwe kuMthetho Wamandla weRiphabhulikhi Yabantu baseShayina. Xhumanisa ukusebenza kwamandla okukhiqiza i-photovoltaic nokuhlela ukufakwa kwe-photovoltaic kazwelonke kanye nesidingo sokuthumela ngaphandle, bese wakha indlela yokulinganisela enamandla "yokubeka ukukhiqizwa ngokwesidingo". Thuthukisa uhlelo lokulawula intengo ekugcineni kokukhiqiza i-photovoltaic, sungula indlela yokuxwayisa intengo, thatha izinyathelo zokungenelela kwentengo kanye nezinyathelo eziphuthumayo lapho kudingeka, futhi wakhe indlela yokubeka ingozi yokuvimbela nokusabela ekushintsheni kwentengo okungavamile emakethe.
Okwesithathu, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi kusungulwe ipulatifomu yokuqapha kazwelonke ehlangene futhi kuthuthukiswe uhlelo lokuphendula eziphuthumayo kanye nokuqapha ngokweqile. Uhlelo lokuqapha ukusebenza kokukhiqiza nge-photovoltaic kufanele lusungulwe ukuze luqaphe idatha efana nomthamo wokukhiqiza, umkhiqizo, intengo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanye nekhwalithi, kanye nokuguquguquka kokusebenza kokujikeleza, ukusatshalaliswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa. Isixhumanisi sezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu ekukhiqizeni nge-photovoltaic, i-polysilicon, kufanele sifakwe ohlelweni lukazwelonke lokulondoloza ukuphepha kwamandla. Indlela yokusabela eziphuthumayo yokuhlinzekwa nokugcinwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kufanele isungulwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kweketanga lezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-09-2026