Muva nje, abanye abatshalizimali bezinkampani zikahulumeni eziphethwe nguhulumeni babike ukuthi njengoba ezinye izifundazwe seziqalile ukukhokhisa intela ezimbili emhlabeni we-photovoltaic ngokusekelwe endaweni egcwele, iqembu lifune ngokusobala ukuthi wonke amaphrojekthi abalwe ngokusekelwe endaweni egcwele yentela ezimbili lapho kudlula isibuyekezo. "Njengoba kuhlanganiswe nengozi yentengo kagesi ngaphansi koMqulu No. 136, cishe akukho phrojekthi ye-photovoltaic engadlula isibuyekezo."
Ukuphendula lokhu, imboni ye-photovoltaic yabheka isimo sokusetshenziswa komhlaba kumaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic kwezinye izifundazwe. Enye inkampani kahulumeni ephakathi yathi ngqo ukuthi iphrojekthi yayo ye-photovoltaic esesifundazweni esithile enyakatho-ntshonalanga yayivele ikhokhiswe intela ezimbili ezweni le-photovoltaic ngokusekelwe endaweni egcwele kusukela ngonyaka odlule, futhi amaphrojekthi amaningi akhona aseqediwe asezosuswa. Okwamanje, inkampani kahulumeni ephakathi nayo ibalwe ngokusekelwe ezweni kanye nezintela ezimbili ezikhokhiswa kuyo yonke indawo ye-photovoltaic array. Ngenxa yalokho, amaphrojekthi azokwakhiwa awanakho ithuba lokuqhubeka nokwakhiwa.
Njengoba kubhekene nokwehla okulindelekile kwentengo kagesi njengoba kuchazwe kuMqulu No. 136 ukukhuthaza ukungena ngokugcwele kwamandla amasha emakethe, izintela ezimbili zomhlaba we-photovoltaic eziphindaphindwe iminyaka eminingi ziphinde zabangela enye ingozi enkulu ekutshalweni kwezimali okuphole ngokuzumayo kwe-photovoltaic.
Intela yendawo yonke yenza kube nzima ukubala izindleko zamaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic
Muva nje, umtshali-zimali waseXinjiang utshele i-Photovoltaic ukuthi ngonyaka odlule, amaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic eXinjiang aseqalile kakade ukukhokhiswa intela yokuhlala emhlabeni ngokusekelwe endaweni yonke. Intengo kagesi ephansi kakade kanye nokwabiwa kwamandla aphezulu kwamaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic, kuhlanganiswe nezindleko zentela yomhlaba, kuholele ekukhuleni okukhulu. "Izinga lokubuyiselwa kwephrojekthi alizuzisi nhlobo."
Ngo-2023, kwakuhlelwe ukuthi kukhokhiswe intela kuyo yonke indawo ngezinga lama-yuan angu-3 ngemitha yesikwele. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kwezingxoxo eziningana zempendulo kanye nezingxoxo phakathi kwabatshalizimali abaningi, izinga lokugcina lentela labekwa ku-0.6 yuan ngemitha yesikwele. Noma kunjalo, uma libalwa ngezinga lama-mu angu-250 nge-10MW, kusazosho izindleko ezengeziwe zama-yuan angu-10,000 nge-MW ngonyaka. “Uma sibheka umjikelezo wokukhiqizwa kwamandla weminyaka engu-20, kusho ukwanda kwama-yuan angu-0.2 nge-watt ngezindleko,” kusho umtshalizimali. “Amaphrojekthi aseXinjiang empeleni asezolahlekelwa. Ngokuhambisana nomthelela weDokhumenti No. 136, amaphrojekthi alandelayo akunakwenzeka nhlobo ukuwafeza. Abanye abatshalizimali sebevele babuyisele izinkomba eziningi ze-photovoltaic.”
Esinye isisebenzi senkampani kagesi kahulumeni ephakathi esesifundazweni esithile eNyakatho-ntshonalanga yeShayina sithe intela yokuhlala emhlabeni yephrojekthi yakhe ye-photovoltaic ikhokhiswe yonke indawo kusukela ngonyaka odlule, ngesilinganiso esifanayo sokuqoqwa esingu-0.6 yuan ngemitha yesikwele. Intela yokuhlala endaweni etshaliwe nayo ikhokhiswa yonke indawo, ngesilinganiso esiphezulu esingu-8 yuan ngemitha yesikwele. "Izindinganiso zokuqoqwa ngaphambi nangemva kokuqedwa kwephrojekthi bezilokhu zishintsha njalo, ziheha amabhizinisi e-photovoltaic ukuba 'ababulale'," kusho ilungu labasebenzi benkampani kahulumeni ephakathi ngaphandle kosizo.
"Njengamanje, izindleko zomhlaba ezibhekene namaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic empeleni ziphakeme kakhulu. Ngisho nasemaphrojekthini asezindaweni ezinabantu abambalwa zesihlabathi nezingavundile, izindleko zomhlaba ziphezulu zifinyelela ku-2,800 yuan nge-mu. Isibonelo, imali yokuthola umhlaba icishe ibe yi-1,800 yuan nge-mu, imali yokuvuselela izimila zotshani endaweni yokwakha icishe ibe yi-2,300 yuan nge-mu, kanye nomshuwalense wempesheni wabelusi, njll." "Ilungu labasebenzi bebhizinisi eliphethwe nguhulumeni lingeze lathi, "Ngokwengezwa kwentela yokusetshenziswa komhlaba yasemadolobheni kanye nentela yokuhlala emapulazini ekhokhiswa yonke indawo, ngemuva kokuthi uMqulu No. 136 ukhuthaza ukungena okuphelele kwamandla e-photovoltaic emakethe, uma usungene emakethe yendawo, intela yomhlaba kanye nemali kungenzeka ukuthi izoqeda ngokuphelele ukutshalwa kwezimali esiteshini sikagesi."
Umthuthukisi ovela ebhizinisini likahulumeni eliphakathi kwesinye isifundazwe esiphakathi nesasempumalanga naye uthe iphrojekthi yabo inxuswe ukuba ikhokhe izintela ezimbili zomhlaba we-photovoltaic, kodwa akukho okubonisa ngokucacile ukuthi kufanele ikhokhwe kanjani, ukuthi kufanele ikhokhwe nini, noma indlela yokuchaza indawo, ngakho-ke bangase baqhubeke nokukweleta. Uma kuqalwa intela egcwele, "izinga lembuyiselo yephrojekthi ngeke lilandelwe."
Bebhekene nezingozi zamanani kagesi angacacile kanye nokuqoqwa kwentela yomhlaba endaweni egcwele njengoba kushiwo kuMqulu No. 136, abathuthukisi abavela ezinkampanini eziningana eziphakathi bathi ukubalwa kwentela yomhlaba kwamaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic avunyiwe manje konke kudinga ukuqoqwa kwendawo egcwele. Iningi lamabhizinisi amakhulu aseye aba nokugcina imali ngokuqhubekayo ekutshalweni kwawo kwezimali kumaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic, kanti ambalwa awakaze avunyelwe muva nje.
Umtshali-zimali okukhulunywe ngaye uveze ukukhathazeka, ethi, “Njengoba izifundazwe eziningi ziqhubeka nokukhulisa ukuqoqwa kwezintela ezimbili zomhlaba, indlela yokuziqoqa izoba esinye isici esibalulekile esinquma ‘umugqa wokusinda’ wamaphrojekthi ngemva koMqulu No. 136. Njengoba kunezingozi kusengaphambili, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokubala ngokucophelela ukuqoqwa ngokusekelwe endaweni yonke.”
Isisho esithi “Khetha okuphansi kunokuphezulu” sesiphenduke inkulumo engenamsebenzi
Udaba lwezintela ezimbili zomhlaba embonini ye-photovoltaic belulokhu luhlupha imboni iminyaka eyishumi kusukela "kuHlelo lweMinyaka Emihlanu lwe-13" kuya "kuHlelo lweMinyaka Emihlanu lwe-14". Ukuthi kufanele zikhokhiswe yini, ukuthi zikhokhiswe kanjani, kanye nezindinganiso zokuqoqa bekulokhu kungokombono weziphathimandla zendawo. Izindinganiso zentela yomhlaba ezithenjisiwe ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi kanye nalezo ezingemva kokuqedwa kwephrojekthi zihluke kakhulu, okuye kwaholela nasekuphazamisekeni okuphelele kwemodeli yemali engenayo yamaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic. Amaphrojekthi amaningi awele esimweni sokulahlekelwa.
Ngo-2023, i-National Energy Administration yakhipha "Incazelo Yecala Lohlelo Lokusebenza Lokukhuthaza Ukuthuthukiswa Kwekhwalithi Ephakeme Kwamandla Amasha Enkathini Entsha", isho ngokusobala ukuthi amazinga okuqoqwa kwentela yokusetshenziswa komhlaba ezifundazweni nasemadolobheni ahlukahlukene awacaci, futhi isimo sezintela eziningi endaweni eyodwa senzeka njalo. Amandla endawo okuzikhethela makhulu, futhi amaphrojekthi amaningi asenawo ama-bureau entela endawo kanye nabanye abafaka intela yomhlaba eyengeziwe ngemuva kokuxhunywa kugridi noma ukusebenza iminyaka eminingana.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga okuqoqwa ahluka kakhulu, futhi inkokhelo yentela yamaphrojekthi afanayo ezifundeni ezahlukene ihluka kakhulu. Kuphrojekthi ye-photovoltaic engu-10MW, inkokhelo yentela yonyaka isukela ku-78,000 kuya ku-2.04 million yuan, okwandisa kakhulu umthwalo wentela emabhizinisini omoya kanye nelanga. Uma sibheka iphrojekthi ye-photovoltaic endaweni ethile eNingizimu-ntshonalanga yeShayina ngo-2021 njengesibonelo, intela yomhlaba kanye nemali yesiteshi sikagesi se-photovoltaic esingu-200MW kuphela idlule ku-150 million yuan, kanti izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali zephrojekthi zikhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-20%.
Nakuba i-National Energy Administration idinga ukuthi zonke izindawo zilandele isimiso "sokukhetha okuphansi kunokuphezulu" ukuze kuchazwe ngokucacile ububanzi kanye nezindinganiso zokuqoqwa kwentela yokusetshenziswa komhlaba yasemadolobheni kanye nentela yokuhlala emapulazini. Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, amandla okuzikhethela ohulumeni basekhaya awazange avinjelwe.
Njengamanje, izifundazwe ezahlukene zinezindlela ezintathu ezahlukene zokuqoqa intela yomhlaba: ngokusekelwe ezindaweni zesisekelo senqwaba, izithunzi ze-square array, kanye nendawo yonke yesiza. Izindleko zentela yomhlaba ziyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezintathu. “Phakathi kwendawo yesisekelo senqwaba, indawo ehlosiwe ye-square array kanye nendawo yesiza, kunobudlelwano obungu-1:10:50,” kwethulwa umuntu ongaphakathi embonini.
Umtshali-zimali othile eSifundazweni saseHenan utshele i-Photovoltaic ngaphambilini ukuthi iphrojekthi eyaqala ukusebenza ngo-2018 yanqunywa ukuthi inendawo engamamitha-skwele angaba ngu-100,000 ngokusekelwe endaweni yesithunzi sezingxenye kanye nezinye izindawo, enenani lentela elingu-430,000 yuan. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2023, iziphathimandla zentela zafuna ukuthi indawo ephelele ikhokhwe, enendawo yentela engamamitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingu-1.738, okwaholela enanini lentela elingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-10 yuan.
Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi, ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni kanye nolwazi lomphakathi, ezinye izindawo ezifundazweni eziningi ezihlanganisa iQinghai, iXinjiang, iHubei, i-Inner Mongolia, iYunnan, iShandong, iHenan kanye neNingxia seziqalile ukukhokhisa intela yomhlaba kumaphrojekthi e-photovoltaic. Indinganiso yokuqoqwa eyisisekelo isekelwe endaweni yokuma kwe-array, kuyilapho kwezinye izifundazwe, isekelwe endaweni yonke yensimu ye-photovoltaic. Ezinye izifunda zisesimweni sokunxuswa ukuba zikhokhe intela futhi zisenendawo yokuxoxisana, kanti kwezinye izifundazwe, intela isikhokhiwe kakade.
Kulokhu, abatshalizimali banxusa neziphathimandla zendawo ukuthi zicabangele ngokugcwele ukulungiswa okuguquguqukayo kwemboni esigabeni sokuqala sokukhishwa kweDokhumenti No. 136, zimise ukuqoqwa kwezintela ezimbili emhlabeni we-photovoltaic noma zicacise amazinga okuqoqa ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi zinikeze isikhala esanele sokubala, ukuze abatshalizimali bakwazi ukugcina ukuzethemba okwanele kokutshalwa kwezimali.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-23-2025